SEM: 1E Freedom Ballroom (Section F) Chair: Monique M Ingalls, Rutgers University
Monique M Ingalls, Rutgers University. Worship in the Streets: Performing Religion, Nation, and Ethnicity through Music in Toronto’s Jesus in the City Parade
Carolyn Landau, King’s College London. Pluralism, Tolerance and Engagement with the “Mainstream”: Navigating Ismaili-Muslim Identities in Public Musical Performances
David M Kammerer, Brigham Young University-Hawaii. Anything But a “Silent Night”: Tonga’s Royal Maopa Brass Band and the Tradition of Christmas Eve Serenading
Deborah Justice, Indiana University. When Sacred Space becomes Secular Space: How a Church’s Saturday Dinner Show for Charity Eases Sunday Morning Tensions
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Recovering and Composing Hybridity through Histories of Music and Violence
SEM: 1I Salon 5/6 Chair: Jessica A Schwartz, New York University
Jessica A Schwartz, New York University. Between Continuity and Disruption: Strategic Hybridity in the Musical Activism of Rongelapese Women
T. Christopher Aplin, independent scholar. Martial Cosmopolitans: Apache War and Song Beyond Borders during the “Loco Outbreak”
Kristy Riggs, Columbia University. Musical Fabulation and the Retelling of Violence in 1840s Algeria
Sarah McClimon, University of Hawaii at Manoa. War Memories Revisited: Hybrid Nationalism and Discourses of Cultural Purity in Japanese Military Song Festivals
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Dancing Matter(s): Embodied Practices in Music and Dance
SEM: 2A Freedom Ballroom (Section E), Live Video-Streaming Room Chair: Tomie Hahn, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Tomie Hahn, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Dancing with Sensible Objects
Sean Williams, Evergreen State College. Dancing with the Drum: Teaching and Learning Sundanese Jaipongan
Sally Ann Ness, University of California, Riverside. Dancing Instruments; Objectivity in Musical Performance
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Vocal Epistemologies: Bodies, Pedagogy, Practice
SEM: 2H Salon 3/4 Chair: Robert O Beahrs, University of California, Berkeley
Robert O Beahrs, University of California, Berkeley. Echoing through the Nine Skies: Embodied Knowledge Production in Tuvan Throat-Singing Pedagogy
Marti Newland, Columbia University. Cocolo Japanese Gospel Choir: Mediating Spiritual and Racial Difference through Vocal Adduction
Sumitra Ranganathan, University of California, Berkeley. Dwelling in my Throat: Sound and Experience in a North Indian Classical Dhrupad Tradition
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Local Philadelphia Communities
CORD: Independence Ballroom D
Laura Vriend. Sufjan Stevens and the Magic Snowflake: Sound and Spatiality in Headlong Dance Theater’s Explanatorium
Christine Dang. My Laudations Shorten for me the Journey to the Saints’: The Poetics of Exile in an Islamic Community of Philadelphia
Abimbola N. Cole. Welcome to the United Stated of Africa: Kwame Nkrumah’s Philadelphia Years, African Nationalism, and Hip-Hop Perspectives on Unity in the New Africa
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Sacred Journeys, Spaces, Sounds
CORD: Logans 1
Andrea Mantell Seidel. Sacred Sound: Tuning the Cosmic Strings of the Subtle Dancing Body
Emily Wright. Sacred Spaces: History and Practice in Christian Sacred Dance
Lizzie Leopold. Voyager, A Journey into Our Outer Spaces: A Choreographic and Scholarly Exploration
SEM: 3E Freedom Ballroom (Section F) Chair: Kiri Miller, Brown University
Kiri Miller, Brown University. Virtual Transmission, Visceral Practice: Dance Central and the Cybershala
J. Meryl Krieger, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. From Live Performance to Mashup: Mediated Performance in Popular Music
Judith Hamera, Texas A&M University. Dances with Zombies: Michael Jackson and Movement in the Age of Post-Industrial Reproduction
Sydney Hutchinson, Syracuse University. Downloading Dance: OK Go, YouTube, and the Future of Pop
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Gendered Intimacies and Musical Negotiations of Space
SEM: 3F Freedom Ballroom (Section G) Chair: Ian R MacMillen, University of Pennsylvania
Anna Stirr, St. John’s College, University of Oxford. Sensuality, Exchange, and Violence in Nepali Nightclubs
Gavin Steingo, Columbia University. On the Sonic Politics of Spinning
Ian R MacMillen, University of Pennsylvania. Conscription into Intimacy: Young Men, Power, and the Gendered Inclusion of Croatian Tambura Musicians
Jane Sugarman, CUNY Graduate Center, Discussant
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Round Table – Sound and Sense in the Muslim World: The Politics of Listening
SEM: 3J Parlor A Chair: Deborah Kapchan, New York University
Jonathan Glasser, College of William and Mary
Rich Jankowsky, Tufts University
Galeet Dardashti, independent scholar
Deborah Kapchan, New York University
Michael Frishkopf, University of Alberta .
THURSDAY INDIVIDUAL PAPERS
Noel Lobley, University of Oxford, Pitt Rivers Museum. Recording, Remembering and Using the Sounds of Africa
2:15 SEM: 3H Salon 3/4
Gregory Weinstein, University of Chicago. An “Acoustically Perfect Hall”?: Engineering Space in Classical Recordings
3:15 SEM: 3H Salon 3/4
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Sound Studies has been celebrated, as Kara Keeling and Josh Kun recently pointed out in American Quarterly, as both the result of and inspiration for an increasing number of scholars, who “not only take the culture, consumption, and politics of sound seriously but are making it the centerpiece of their research, publishing, and pedagogy.” But what significance does Sound Studies hold for ethnomusicology, a discipline that for over half a century has focused directly on the social and political dimensions of what John Blacking famously called “humanly organized sound”? This question will be one of many circulating in Philadelphia this week at the 56th annual meeting of the Society for Ethnomusicology (SEM).
Despite the centrality of ethnographers of music, including Steven Feld and Veit Erlmann, to the emergence of this new interdisciplinary body of knowledge, many ethnomusicologists saw room for greater dialogue with other disciplines for whom the sonic was a relatively novel epistemological filter. To this end, in early 2009 a group of young SEM members formed the Sound Studies Special Interest Group (SSSIG) in order to foster cross-disciplinary discussions and highlight work within SEM that reimagined sound beyond “the music itself.” This year’s conference will mark the end of my tenure as co-chair of the Sound Studies SIG, and elections will be held for a replacement at our annual lunch meeting on Thursday, November 17th. If you are interested in joining the group and can attend the conference, please join us. If you can’t make it to Philadelphia, you can still join the group’s active discussion forum.
The past few years have witnessed an increasing number of presentations at SEM that fall under the umbrella of Sound Studies, a trend acknowledged in the theme of last fall’s meeting in Los Angeles, “Sound Ecologies.” This year is no different, and from a preliminary glance at the program, I have taken the liberty of highlighting a few acoustic currents running throughout the conference. A large number of panels this year are devoted to issues of embodiment, which can, for the most part, be attributed to the fact that SEM has paired up with the Congress on Research in Dance (CORD) for a joint conference. In the summary below I have noted which group is sponsoring each panel listed, although the conference requires only one registration and all panels are open to all participants and attendees.
All in all, this year’s joint conference promises to be an enjoyable one, with plenty of fascinating presentations and more good music than you can shake a tailfeather at. Even if you can’t attend, you can follow along virtually on twitter. Both #SEM2011 and #2011SEM seem to be in use.
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Bill Bahng Boyer is co-chair of the Society for Ethnomusicology Sound Studies Special Interest Group and a lecturer in music, writing and rhetoric at Dartmouth College. He is also a doctoral candidate in music at New York University, completing a dissertation on public listening in the New York City subway system.
Jane Freeman Moulin, University of Hawai’i at Manoa. The Dancer’s Voice
Lisa Burke, Framingham State University. “A Wind that Penetrates the Skin”: Understanding Kiribati Music through Dance
Brian Diettrich, New Zealand School of Music. Stirred Spirits, Adorned Bodies: Sound and Gesture in Chuukese Community Performances
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Issues of Representation and Presentation in Public Culture Media Production
SEM: 8G Logans 2 Chair: Clifford R Murphy, Maryland State Arts Council
Clifford R Murphy, Maryland State Arts Council. Visiting With Neighbors: Fieldwork on Radio in Maryland
Nathan Salsburg, Lomax Archives/Association for Cultural Equity. Folk Revival 2.0: Presenting and Representing Vernacular Music in 2011
Maureen Loughran, Tulane University. Five Years After the Storm: Authority and Public Engagement in Radio Production
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INDIVIDUAL PAPERS OF INTEREST
Louise J Wrazen, York University. The Displaced Voice: Assertions of Selfhood and Belonging Amidst Change
9:00 am SEM: 5H Salon 3/4
Sharon F Kivenko, Harvard University. Listening for the Call and Knowing When to Come In: “Performance Sociability” in Mande Dance
9:30 am SEM: 5I Salon 5/6
Farzaneh Hemmasi, Hunter College. At a Distance: Voice, Dance, and Display among Female Iranian Vocalists in Exile
2:15 pm SEM: 7E Freedom Ballroom (Section F)
Chun-bin Chen, Tainan National University of the Arts. Hybridity in Taiwanese Aboriginal Cassette Culture
4:30 pm SEM: 8C Independence Ballroom (Section B)
Samuel Araujo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Amidst Walls, Wired Fences and Armored Cars: The Sound Heritage of Post-Industrial Society
5:00 pm SEM: 8K Parlor C
The Sun Ra Arkestra House
EVENTS
British Forum for Ethnomusicology High Tea Party
5:30 pm – 6:30 pm Liberty D
The Drexel University Mediterranean Ensemble Presents
A Mostly Balkan Party . . . Philly Style
7:30 pm – 9:30 pm The Stein Auditorium, Drexel University Campus 3215 Market St.
A.J. Racy and The Arabesque Music Ensemble in Concert
Presented by Al-Bustan Seeds of Culture
8:00 pm – 10:00 pm Trinity Center for Urban Life,22nd and Spruce Streets
Dance Workshop: Sound and Vibrational Signals in Buto Dance
Led by Tanya Calamoneri
8:00 pm – 10:00 pm Independence Ballroom D, free to all registered CORD attendees
Dance Workshop: Singing Dance and Sensing Sound
Led by Amy Larimer
8:00 pm – 10:00 pm Salon 10, free to all registered CORD attendees
SEM Dance Section, CORD and CCDR Reception
10:00 pm – 11:00 pm Salon 5/6 (Free to all registered attendees)
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SATURDAY, November 19, 2011
SATURDAY PANELS
8:30-10:30am
Listening to the Field: Sonic Presentations of Ethnographic Material
SEM: 9A Freedom Ballroom (Section E), Live Video-Streaming Room Chair: Ben Tausig, New York University
Ben Tausig, New York University. Playing Under Protest: Diffusion and Decay
Mack Hagood, Indiana University. Audio Production as SEO Services: Sounds and Stories in the Path of I-69
Senti Toy Threadgill, New York University. Voice in the Box: The Politics of Affect and Acoustemology in Nagaland
Deborah Wong, University of California, Riverside. Discussant
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Engaging Ethnomusicology and the Health Sciences
SEM: 9D Independence Ballroom (Section C) Chair: Frederick J Moehn, New York University
Theresa A Allison, University of California, San Francisco; Jewish Home, San Francisco. Music and Memory, Dementia and Song: Engaging the Health Sciences in Research on Music, Memory and Relationships
Heather B White, University of California, Berkeley. You are the Music, While the Music Lasts: The Neuroscience Behind Social Music Production and Identity
Jeffrey W Cupchik, Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester. Teaching Medical Ethnomusicology: Engaging the Science(s) of Healing
Dane Harwood, independent scholar. Integrating Quantitative Methodology in Ethnomusicological Research: The Challenges to Moving towards Reproducible Results
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Music, Sound, Noise, Silence: Towards A Conceptual Lexicon
SEM: 9H Salon 3/4 Chair: Matt Sakakeeny, Tulane University
Matt Sakakeeny, Tulane University. Music
Thomas Porcello, Vassar College. Sound
David Novak, University of California, Santa Barbara. Noise
Ana María Ochoa, Columbia University. Silence
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Music in Oman: Interculturalism, Time, Space, and Politics in the Sultanate
SEM: 9I Salon 5/6 Chair: Anne K Rasmussen, College of William and Mary
Anne K Rasmussen, College of William and Mary. The Musical Design of National Space and Time in Oman
Nasser Al Taee, Oman Royal Opera House. Mozart in Muscat: Politics, Performance, and Patronage in Oman
Majid Al Harthy, Sultan Qaboos University. African Identities, Afro-Omani Music, and the Official Constructions of a Musical Past
Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal. Discussant
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The Commercial, the Popular, and the Crazed
CORD: Independence Ballroom D
Mary Fogarty. Musical Tastes in Popular Dance Practices
Mary Elizabeth Anderson. Oprah Feelin’: The Commercial Flash Mob’s Affective Game
Jennifer Fisher. When Good Adjectives Go Bad: “Lyrical Dance,” Romanticism, Brain Science, and the Competition Dance Machine
Ok Hee Jeong. The politics of Korean Wave
Asheley Smith. “Crank That”: The Work of Dance Crazes as Collective Memory and in Mechanical Reproduction
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Sensing Movement-Sound
CORD: Freedom Ballroom H
Candace Bordelon. Finding “the Feeling” Through Movement and Music: Oriental Dance, Tarab, and Umm Kulthum
W. Eric Aikens. Using Entropy as a Measure of the Dispersal of Temporal Energy in the Music/Dance Relation
Stephanie Schroedter. Music as Movement – “Kinesthetic listening” in the Creation and Reception of Dance
Wendy Rogers. Dancing in a Sound Space
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The Sonic, the Visual, and the Temporal
CORD: Salon 10
Freya Vass-Rhee. The sounds (and sights) of silence: William Forsythe’s compositions of quiet
Allen Fogelsanger. The Play of Visual and Sonic Actions: Watching Dance and Music
Wen-Chi Wu. Beyond Spontaneity Acquired Through the Lived “Habit-Body” vis-à-vis Performing Techniques
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10:45-12:15
Music and Bodies of Sound
SEM: 10F Freedom Ballroom (Section G) Chair: Daniel Reed, Indiana University
Kate Galloway, University of Toronto. Ecological Auditory Culture: The Relationship Between Ethnographic Soundscape Composition and How We Listen to the Environment
Devin M Burke, Case Western Reserve University. Sign Language Music Videos: Analyzing Embodied Musicking in a Culturally Hybridistic and Technologically Mediated Audio/Visual Artform
Leona N Lanzilotti, Eastman School of Music. Musical Theatre of the Deaf and Hearing: Understanding Musical Embodiment in a Mixed-Cast Production of Guys & Dolls
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Music and Movement
SEM: 10H Salon 3/4 Chair: Beth K Aracena, Eastern Mennonite University
Rebecca A Schwartz-Bishir, independent scholar. Music that Moves: Musique dansante and the Sensory Experience of the Dancing Body
Lynda Paul, Yale University. Liveness Reconsidered: Sound and Concealment in Cirque du Soleil
Beth K Aracena, Eastern Mennonite University. Towards a “Natural History” of Corpus Christi Processions in the New World
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INDIVIDUAL PAPERS OF INTEREST
Donna A Buchanan, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Choreographic Encounters of an Ethnomusicological Kind: Sound, Movement, Spirituality, and Community where the Balkans and Caucasus Converge
9:00 SEM: 9G Logans 2
Rachel Goc, University of Wisconsin, Madison. Global Practices of Motown Visual and Sonic Aesthetic
9:30 SEM: 9F Freedom Ballroom
Michael S O’Brien, Luther College. This is What Democracy Sounds Like: Mediation and Performativity in the Soundscapes of the 2011 Wisconsin Pro-Labor Protests
11:15 SEM: 10J Parlor A
Corinna S Campbell, Harvard University. Sounding the Body, Dancing the Drum: Integrated Analysis of an Afro-Surinamese Performance Genre
11:45 SEM: 10A Freedom Ballroom (Section E), Live Video Streaming Room
Rachel Mundy, Columbia University. O Bird of the Morning: Sound, Silence, and Information at the Species Boundary
11:45 SEM: 10K Parlor C
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EVENTS
SEM Seeger Lecture
Randy Martin: “Complex Harmonic Movements: Politicalities of Music and Dance”
4:00 pm – 5:30 pm Liberty Ballroom B, C and D
PhillyBloco Dance Party
7:30 pm – 10:30 pm Liberty Ballroom B, C, and D
(Ticket Required – $10.00 per attendee in advance or $15.00 per attendee at the door)
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SUNDAY, November 20, 2011
SUNDAY PANELS
8:30-10:30am
Musical Advocacy: Mediation, Creativity, and Social Engagement
SEM: 12A Freedom Ballroom (Section E), Live Video-Streaming Room Chair: Carol Muller, University of Pennsylvania
Marié Abe, Harvard University. Reimagining Oaxacan Heritage through Accordions and Airwaves in Central Valley, California
Michael Birenbaum-Quintero, Bowdoin College. Process, Network, and Knowledge: Theory and Praxis of a Grassroots Music Archive in the Afro-Colombian Hinterlands
Shalini R Ayyagari, American University. “Postcards from Paradise Weren’t Meant for Me”: Community Affiliation and Advocacy Work through South Asian American Hip Hop
Kay Shelemay, Harvard University. Discussant
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Material Culture and Musical Labor
SEM: 12C Independence Ballroom (Section B) Chair: Allen Roda, New York University
Allen Roda, New York University. Resounding Objects: Scripting Sounds and Making Music in Banaras Tabla Workshops
Darien Lamen, University of Pennsylvania. Crafting Sound: Sound Systems, Skilled Labor, and Artisanship in Belém do Pará, Brazil
John Paul Meyers, University of Pennsylvania. Stickers, Strings, and Sgt. Pepper Jackets: Resources for Re-Creating the Past in the Tribute Band Scene
Paul Greene, Pennsylvania State University. Discussant
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Screening and Round Table—From Fieldwork to “Film-work”: Representing Realities Through Ethnomusicological Film
SEM: 12F Freedom Ballroom (Section G) Chair: Elizabeth Clendinning, Florida State University
Discussants
Tim Storhoff, Florida State Univeristy
Todd Rosendahl, Florida State Univeristy
Sara Brown, Florida State Univeristy
Kayleen Justus, Florida State Univerisity
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New Identities in Jazz
SEM: 12H Salon 3/4 Chair: Ken Prouty, Michigan State University
Brett S Pyper, Klein Karoo National Arts Festival, South Africa. Listening Made Visible: Dance as Kinetic Listening Within South African Jazz Appreciation Societies
Yoko Suzuki, University of Pittsburgh. She’s a Japanese Jerry Lee Lewis!: Body, Mind, and Spectacle in Hiromi’s Jazz Piano Performance
Michael C Heller, Harvard University. Modeling Community in the Loft Jazz Era
Colter J Harper, University of Pittsburgh. Jazz, Race, and the Visual Narrative: Constructing Identity through the Photography of Charles “Teenie” Harris
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Modes of Analysis, Modes of Listening
SEM: 12G Logans 2 Chair: Matt J Rahaim, University of Minnesota
Shayna Silverstein, University of Chicago. Microrhythms and Metric Variation in Groove-Based Dance Music of the Arab East
Cornelia Fales, Indiana University. Provoking Modal Listening In Music
Mark Hijleh, Houghton College. World Music Theory: Issues and Possibilities
Michael Tenzer, University of British Columbia, and Matt J Rahaim, University of Minnesota. Discussants
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Round Table: Ethnicity, Culture and Body
CORD: Freedom Ballroom H
Dr. Suzana Martins, Dr. Daniela Amoroso, MA. Nadir Nóbrega, Sandra Santana
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INDIVIDUAL PAPERS OF INTEREST
Marc Gidal, Ramapo College of New Jersey. Audible Boundary-Work: “Crossing” and “Purifying” Afro-Gaucho Religions through Sound and Music
8:30 am SEM: 12I Salon 5/6
Michael B MacDonald. Decentralized Dance Party Manifesto: Boomboxes, Anarchy, and the Commons
10:00 am CORD: Independence Ballroom D
Emily J McManus, University of Minnesota. Listening to a Body and a Sound: Female Leading and Same-Sex Tango in the United States
11:15 am SEM: 13B Independence Ballroom (Section A)
Michael O’Toole, University of Chicago. How the City Sounds: Festivals and Urban Space in Contemporary Berlin
Today’s post is a bit of a confessional. Reflecting on Andreas Duus Pape’s post a few weeks back, Building Intimate Performance Venues on the Internet, I can not help but admire how closely Andreas relates podcasting with intimacy, and therefore; authenticity. Although it would be simple to critique this point as a case of circular reasoning (Podcasts are intimate because they are authentic. Podcasts are authentic because they are intimate.), I cannot help but wonder if there is something deeply honest and deftly earnest about this claim. Speaking as a musician, I believe that authenticity is a quality that cannot be conjured. It, like a feedback loop or proof of will, seeks only itself. But, how does the desire to be authentic shape performance? Does it affect what we listen for and who we listen to?
My adventures as a musician started in high school with a second hand guitar and a lot of free time. It only took a year before my pastime became something more like an obsession. First was my high school band: The Nosebleeds. The Nosebleeds played revved up versions of 50s and 60s rock and roll while all the other kids were covering Blink 182 and Operation Ivy. We were cool – really! Even at this early stage it was clear to me, authentic rock bands played old-school rock music. Even my punk guitar heroes from the 1970s like Mick Jones and Captain Sensible knew how to cop a Chuck Berry riff and Little Richard groove. After 3 years of humid Jersey shore dive bars and fluorescent high school talent shows we called it quits. Honestly, we just got bored. Also, our ace repertoire of fifteen songs was beginning to wear a little thin. . .
After The Nosebleeds came The Carpetbaggers. This was a sea-change in compositional direction. Instead of playing punky renditions of Twist and Shout, we affected a country twang and sang songs about travel and broken hearts. If you caught us on a good night, we would even throw a bit of Sonic Youth into the mix and evoke a wall of feedback out from silence. We played in New Brunswick basements and central Jersey bars and recorded an EP on an abandoned Tascam 1” reel to reel. Buzz words being thrown around at the time were: rootsy, alternative and raw. I had pulled the covers back from a revved up Chuck Berry only to find a wonderland of Americana – washboards, harmonicas, and acoustic guitars – waiting. This was, of course, what those rocker’s back in the day were inspired by – right? If The Carpetbaggers weren’t the real thing, who was?
When The Carpetbaggers broke up I joined one last band, The Acid Creeps. At this point, there would be no turning back from my descent into nostalgia. We aimed to resurrect the late sixties go-go bar house band. Taking care to acquire vintage Fender amplifiers, vintage reissue guitars, and even a knockoff Vox Continental organ. If that wasn’t enough, my sister sewed us matching orange paisley shirts which complimented our skinny black ties and sunglasses. We imagined ourselves as a period perfect garage band, exactly the sort we had seen in movies. We covered everything from Iggy Pop’s, I Wanna Be Your Dog, to The Sonic’s, Psycho, and the Detroit Wheels version of Little Latin Lupe Lu (which we all preferred). Only in our mid-twenties, we were experts (or snobs, depending on your perspective) at defining and defending what authentic garage music was, and what it was not. Before breaking up, we created a yellow 7” vinyl tomb to forever keep our music. It was named “The Bananna Split EP,” and at the moment it all seemed perfect. Authenticity, sold for five dollars at a show.
Reflecting, five years later, on these three epochs of music making – it is hard not to blush. Not only did I, for at least a year, consider each band the singular most authentic band ever; authenticity, as an ideal, began subtly to change the way I viewed myself. I transformed from Aaron the Weird Al Yankovic fan to Aaron, the garage rock expert in about 8 years. Wherever I looked for authenticity, I found it, and it was real. Not only that, but at the bar, we convinced ourselves and our friends of this notion. Conversations about which bands got it, and which did not, were frequent – if not mandatory. The answers became standard too: The Exploding Hearts, The Murder City Devils, The Misfits? They all got it. Bands like Metallica; for the most part, they did not. These conversations forever led us to equate the authentic with the obscure; a rabbit hole that twists and darts endlessly.
Authenticity in music is like feedback: powerful, seductive and dangerous. It is a very real, yet elusive concept that invites imitation and when left unchecked, can spread like a contagion. Although I love revisiting the music of my old bands, I cannot help but hear them now as a set of key moments in a greater life narrative. Iterations of myself left behind in an ongoing dialogue about authenticity. A dialogue, which, to this day, affects what music I choose to listen to, and what music I choose to avoid. Although none of my bands were truly “the real-deal,” it would be odd to claim that any were not authentic. Rather, this concept, authenticity animated each band – it kept us all going, and brought our music to life. My bands were authentic because I believed in them. I believed in my bands, because they were authentic.
AT
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Aaron Trammell is co-founder and multimedia editor of Sounding Out! He is also a Media Studies PhD student at Rutgers University.
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